Health Canada regularly reviews information on the consumption patterns of Canadians and adds new food composite samples to the TDS, as necessary, in order to ensure that the foods most commonly consumed in Canada are included. Similar types of foods are combined into approximately 160 composite samples that are frozen at -35 ☌ until analysis. Preparation steps include washing, peeling, and cooking. Health Canada prepares the foods for consumption as they would be at home, which provides realistic information about contaminant exposure from the diet. Over a 5-week period each year, approximately 2100 food samples from different food retail outlets or restaurants are collected by the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA). One of these cities is selected each year for food sampling. Nine Canadian cities that are geographically representative of the entire country are included in the TDS. TDS surveys are also implemented in other countries worldwide, which facilitates international comparisons and global food safety oversight. Health Canada follows guidance provided by the World Health Organization (WHO) for conducting a TDS. Since its inception in 1969, the TDS has enabled Health Canada to monitor the concentrations of contaminants in foods sold in Canada in order to determine the key dietary sources, assess trends, support the development of food safety policies and regulations, and help ensure the safety of the Canadian food supply. Examples of chemicals included in the TDS are trace elements, pesticides, radionuclides, and a variety of other industrial chemicals. The TDS measures priority chemicals in food samples either annually, on a pre-determined cycle or in response to a specific food safety issue. The Canadian Total Diet Study (TDS) is a food surveillance program that monitors the concentrations of chemical contaminants in foods that are typically consumed by Canadians.
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